Substrate
Fine light-colored sand mimics Amazon tributary bottoms. Depth 3-5cm. Avoid dark or gravel substrates.
Add a thin layer of dried leaf litter (Indian almond, beech, magnolia) for natural look and pH buffering.
Hardscape
Driftwood is essential — Malaysian, Mopani, or spider wood. Arrange to create caves and shady corners.
Rocks are NOT typical for Amazon tanks. Stick to wood and leaves.
Plants
Echinodorus (sword plants), Crypt species, and Amazon sword create an authentic look. Floating plants like dwarf water lettuce.
Avoid stem plants that require CO2 injection — Amazon biotope is low-tech by nature.
Fish Combinations
Angelfish + neon tetras + corydoras + otocinclus = classic combo. Add apistogramma or Bolivian ram for bottom interest.
Discus-only tank: 6+ discus + small tetras (rummy nose) for activity. Avoid angelfish with discus — different temperature needs.