Top Cutting
Cut stem plant 2-3cm below water surface. The stump grows 2-3 new shoots from the cut.
Replant the cut tops as new plants. Doubles the density over a few weeks.
Side Shoot Propagation
Some plants (hygrophila, ludwigia) push side shoots below cut point. Let them grow 3-5cm, then cut off and replant.
Creates wider bushy plants instead of just tall stems.
Replant Method
For stem plants with leggy bottoms: uproot entire plant, cut off top 8-10cm (healthy section), replant the top.
Old bottom stem is composted or discarded. Creates fresh plants with fresh roots.
Carpet Trimming
Monte Carlo, HC, hairgrass: trim with curved scissors monthly. Remove trimmings immediately (they float and rot).
Trim 30-50% of mass max — too much reduces root oxygen supply and can cause die-off.